obs_rng.stan

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array[] int obs_rng(vector log_exp_obs, array[] real phi, int model_obs) {
  int n = num_elements(log_exp_obs);
  array[n] int pp;
 
  // Handle -Inf values (structural zeros from reporting aggregation)
  // For days with zero reporting probability, set prediction to 0
  for (i in 1:n) {
    if (is_inf(log_exp_obs[i])) {
      pp[i] = 0;
    } else {
      if (model_obs == 0) {
        pp[i] = poisson_log_rng(log_exp_obs[i]);
      } else if (model_obs == 1) {
        pp[i] = neg_binomial_2_log_rng(log_exp_obs[i], phi[1]);
      } else {
        real log_phi_nb1 = log_exp_obs[i] + log(phi[1]);
        pp[i] = neg_binomial_2_log_rng(log_exp_obs[i], exp(log_phi_nb1));
      }
    }
  }
  return(pp);
}